Views

Writing Views

If your plugin will provide its own page or pages within the NetBox web UI, you'll need to define views. A view is a piece of business logic which performs an action and/or renders a page when a request is made to a particular URL. HTML content is rendered using a template. Views are typically defined in views.py, and URL patterns in urls.py.

As an example, let's write a view which displays a random animal and the sound it makes. We'll use Django's generic View class to minimize the amount of boilerplate code needed.

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.views.generic import View
from .models import Animal

class RandomAnimalView(View):
    """
    Display a randomly-selected animal.
    """
    def get(self, request):
        animal = Animal.objects.order_by('?').first()
        return render(request, 'netbox_animal_sounds/animal.html', {
            'animal': animal,
        })

This view retrieves a random Animal instance from the database and passes it as a context variable when rendering a template named animal.html. HTTP GET requests are handled by the view's get() method, and POST requests are handled by its post() method.

Our example above is extremely simple, but views can do just about anything. They are generally where the core of your plugin's functionality will reside. Views also are not limited to returning HTML content: A view could return a CSV file or image, for instance. For more information on views, see the Django documentation.

URL Registration

To make the view accessible to users, we need to register a URL for it. We do this in urls.py by defining a urlpatterns variable containing a list of paths.

from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('random/', views.RandomAnimalView.as_view(), name='random_animal'),
]

A URL pattern has three components:

• route - The unique portion of the URL dedicated to this view
• view - The view itself
• name - A short name used to identify the URL path internally

This makes our view accessible at the URL /plugins/animal-sounds/random/. (Remember, our AnimalSoundsConfig class sets our plugin's base URL to animal-sounds.) Viewing this URL should show the base NetBox template with our custom content inside it.

View Classes

NetBox provides several generic view classes (documented below) to facilitate common operations, such as creating, viewing, modifying, and deleting objects. Plugins can subclass these views for their own use.

View Class	Description
ObjectView	View a single object
ObjectEditView	Create or edit a single object
ObjectDeleteView	Delete a single object
ObjectListView	View a list of objects
BulkImportView	Import a set of new objects
BulkEditView	Edit multiple objects
BulkDeleteView	Delete multiple objects

Warning

Please note that only the classes which appear in this documentation are currently supported. Although other classes may be present within the views.generic module, they are not yet supported for use by plugins.

Example Usage

# views.py
from netbox.views.generic import ObjectEditView
from .models import Thing

class ThingEditView(ObjectEditView):
    queryset = Thing.objects.all()
    template_name = 'myplugin/thing.html'
    ...

Object Views

Below are the class definitions for NetBox's object views. These views handle CRUD actions for individual objects. The view, add/edit, and delete views each inherit from BaseObjectView, which is not intended to be used directly.

BaseObjectView (ObjectPermissionRequiredMixin, View)

Base view class for reusable generic views.

Attributes:

Name	Type	Description
queryset		Django QuerySet from which the object(s) will be fetched
template_name		The name of the HTML template file to render

get_object(self, **kwargs)

Return the object being viewed or modified. The object is identified by an arbitrary set of keyword arguments gleaned from the URL, which are passed to get_object_or_404(). (Typically, only a primary key is needed.)

If no matching object is found, return a 404 response.

get_extra_context(self, request, instance)

Return any additional context data to include when rendering the template.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
request		The current request	required
instance		The object being viewed	required

ObjectView (BaseObjectView)

Retrieve a single object for display.

Note: If template_name is not specified, it will be determined automatically based on the queryset model.

get_template_name(self)

Return self.template_name if defined. Otherwise, dynamically resolve the template name using the queryset model's app_label and model_name.

ObjectEditView (GetReturnURLMixin, BaseObjectView)

Create or edit a single object.

Attributes:

Name	Type	Description
form		The form used to create or edit the object

get_object(self, **kwargs)

Return an object for editing. If no keyword arguments have been specified, this will be a new instance.

alter_object(self, obj, request, url_args, url_kwargs)

Provides a hook for views to modify an object before it is processed. For example, a parent object can be defined given some parameter from the request URL.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
obj		The object being edited	required
request		The current request	required
url_args		URL path args	required
url_kwargs		URL path kwargs	required

ObjectDeleteView (GetReturnURLMixin, BaseObjectView)

Delete a single object.

Multi-Object Views

Below are the class definitions for NetBox's multi-object views. These views handle simultaneous actions for sets objects. The list, import, edit, and delete views each inherit from BaseMultiObjectView, which is not intended to be used directly.

BaseMultiObjectView (ObjectPermissionRequiredMixin, View)

Base view class for reusable generic views.

Attributes:

Name	Type	Description
queryset		Django QuerySet from which the object(s) will be fetched
table		The django-tables2 Table class used to render the objects list
template_name		The name of the HTML template file to render

get_extra_context(self, request)

Return any additional context data to include when rendering the template.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
request		The current request	required

ObjectListView (BaseMultiObjectView)

Display multiple objects, all of the same type, as a table.

Attributes:

Name	Type	Description
filterset		A django-filter FilterSet that is applied to the queryset
filterset_form		The form class used to render filter options
actions		Supported actions for the model. When adding custom actions, bulk action names must be prefixed with bulk_. Default actions: add, import, export, bulk_edit, bulk_delete
action_perms		A dictionary mapping supported actions to a set of permissions required for each

get_table(self, request, bulk_actions=True)

Return the django-tables2 Table instance to be used for rendering the objects list.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
request		The current request	required
bulk_actions		Show checkboxes for object selection	True

export_table(self, table, columns=None, filename=None)

Export all table data in CSV format.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
table		The Table instance to export	required
columns		A list of specific columns to include. If None, all columns will be exported.	None
filename		The name of the file attachment sent to the client. If None, will be determined automatically from the queryset model name.	None

export_template(self, template, request)

Render an ExportTemplate using the current queryset.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
template		ExportTemplate instance	required
request		The current request	required

BulkImportView (GetReturnURLMixin, BaseMultiObjectView)

Import objects in bulk (CSV format).

Attributes:

Name	Type	Description
model_form		The form used to create each imported object

BulkEditView (GetReturnURLMixin, BaseMultiObjectView)

Edit objects in bulk.

Attributes:

Name	Type	Description
filterset		FilterSet to apply when deleting by QuerySet
form		The form class used to edit objects in bulk

BulkDeleteView (GetReturnURLMixin, BaseMultiObjectView)

Delete objects in bulk.

Attributes:

Name	Type	Description
filterset		FilterSet to apply when deleting by QuerySet
table		The table used to display devices being deleted

get_form(self)

Provide a standard bulk delete form if none has been specified for the view

Feature Views

These views are provided to enable or enhance certain NetBox model features, such as change logging or journaling. These typically do not need to be subclassed: They can be used directly e.g. in a URL path.

ObjectChangeLogView (View)

Present a history of changes made to a particular object. The model class must be passed as a keyword argument when referencing this view in a URL path. For example:

path('sites/<int:pk>/changelog/', ObjectChangeLogView.as_view(), name='site_changelog', kwargs={'model': Site}),

Attributes:

Name	Type	Description
base_template		The name of the template to extend. If not provided, "{app}/{model}.html" will be used.

ObjectJournalView (View)

Show all journal entries for an object. The model class must be passed as a keyword argument when referencing this view in a URL path. For example:

path('sites/<int:pk>/journal/', ObjectJournalView.as_view(), name='site_journal', kwargs={'model': Site}),

Attributes:

Name	Type	Description
base_template		The name of the template to extend. If not provided, "{app}/{model}.html" will be used.

Extending Core Views

Plugins can inject custom content into certain areas of the detail views of applicable models. This is accomplished by subclassing PluginTemplateExtension, designating a particular NetBox model, and defining the desired methods to render custom content. Four methods are available:

• left_page() - Inject content on the left side of the page
• right_page() - Inject content on the right side of the page
• full_width_page() - Inject content across the entire bottom of the page
• buttons() - Add buttons to the top of the page

Additionally, a render() method is available for convenience. This method accepts the name of a template to render, and any additional context data you want to pass. Its use is optional, however.

When a PluginTemplateExtension is instantiated, context data is assigned to self.context. Available data include:

• object - The object being viewed
• request - The current request
• settings - Global NetBox settings
• config - Plugin-specific configuration parameters

For example, accessing {{ request.user }} within a template will return the current user.

Declared subclasses should be gathered into a list or tuple for integration with NetBox. By default, NetBox looks for an iterable named template_extensions within a template_content.py file. (This can be overridden by setting template_extensions to a custom value on the plugin's PluginConfig.) An example is below.

from extras.plugins import PluginTemplateExtension
from .models import Animal

class SiteAnimalCount(PluginTemplateExtension):
    model = 'dcim.site'

    def right_page(self):
        return self.render('netbox_animal_sounds/inc/animal_count.html', extra_context={
            'animal_count': Animal.objects.count(),
        })

template_extensions = [SiteAnimalCount]